{"id":2440,"date":"2023-02-11T06:05:32","date_gmt":"2023-02-11T06:05:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/?p=2440"},"modified":"2023-02-11T06:51:19","modified_gmt":"2023-02-11T06:51:19","slug":"investigating-the-effect-of-the-production-method-on-the-ceramic-properties-of-gas-turbine-combustion-chamber-chambers-v94-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/investigating-the-effect-of-the-production-method-on-the-ceramic-properties-of-gas-turbine-combustion-chamber-chambers-v94-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigating the effect of the production method on the ceramic properties of gas turbine combustion chamber chambers V94.2"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2440\" class=\"elementor elementor-2440\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-192c2c6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"192c2c6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8281f49\" data-id=\"8281f49\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-526392b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"526392b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dece662\" data-id=\"dece662\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c1e477 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c1e477\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 10-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/atlasceram-500x500.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2442\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/atlasceram-500x500.webp 500w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/atlasceram-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/atlasceram-200x200.webp 200w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/atlasceram-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/atlasceram.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eeee135 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"eeee135\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ebef4c\" data-id=\"7ebef4c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8d2057 xts-scheme-inherit xts-textalign-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8d2057\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 10-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>V94.2 gas turbines\u00a0with rated power of 159MW and efficiency of 34.9% are considered as one of the heavy class gas turbines, which are very popular among power plant users\u00a0in thermal\u00a0power plants.\u00a0These turbines, which fit in the form of single-axis turbines, have two\u00a0combustion chambersIt is silhouette-shaped with 8 burners on each.\u00a0The temperature of the inlet fluid is 1060 degrees Celsius and the inner cover of the combustion chamber is made of ceramic, which can be easily replaced.\u00a0In this research, mullite is mixed with tubular alumina with a certain ratio and granularity along with nano silica solution and necessary additives, and after shaping, it is transferred to the freezing tunnel at a temperature of minus 75 degrees Celsius and finally for 10 hours at a temperature of 1550\u00b0C goes through the sintering stage.\u00a0The physical, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the samples such as density, percentage of open porosity, flexural strength at room temperature and high temperatures, as well as the coefficient of thermal expansion of the samples produced by the freeze casting method were measured simultaneously with a brick sample produced by the traditional method.\u00a0The results showed that the production method has an important effect on the properties of bricks.\u00a0The bending strength of the samples produced by the freecasting method at the temperature of 1200 and 1400 degrees Celsius was 10.9 and 6.8 MPa, respectively, and for the bricks produced by the traditional method, it was 8.7 and 5.6 MPa.\u00a0The resistance to thermal shock of two samples after 30 cycles from 1020 C\u00ba to cold water showed that the average crack length in samples produced by freeze casting method is 15 mm, while it reaches 50 mm in the traditional method, which is the reason The joints are mullite between the particles that make up the brick. All the tests were done at Wuhan University, China, which is a member of ILAC and approved by Tavanir Company.<\/p><p>Keywords &#8211; alumina, V94.2 gas turbines, ceramic chamber, mullite.<\/p><h1>Introduction<\/h1><p>Today, sol-gel technology is used to make parts, coatings (films), fibers, particles or composite materials with precise shapes and high surface quality.\u00a0However, a major disadvantage of this method is the very high shrinkage of the gel formed during the drying process.\u00a0Using the freeze casting method is a way to overcome this defect of the sol-gel method and to make parts without<\/p><p>crack or shrinkage close to zero [1].\u00a0Surveys show that currently some reputable companies producing complex engineering parts such as Siemens and General Motors use this method to produce their products [2, 3, 4].\u00a0Production in the traditional way is that the raw materials are mixed with granulation and certain proportions after weighing with glue, and after shaping by a press, they are transferred to the dryer and finally baked to achieve the required strength. be made<\/p><p>Each turbine has two combustion chambers (flame tube) whose inner diameter is 2.3 meters (Figures 1 and 2).\u00a0These containers have two types of versions 3 and 5.\u00a0As seen in Figure 2, version 3 has two rows of arched ceramics and 9 rows of grooved ceramics that are held by their own holders.\u00a0In version 5, three types of ceramics are used.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f62558f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"f62558f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-529e2f1\" data-id=\"529e2f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2add480 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2add480\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"275\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at-2.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2444\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at-2.webp 275w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at-2-200x196.webp 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-282440a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"282440a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e273ddc\" data-id=\"e273ddc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f45f7 xts-scheme-inherit xts-textalign-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83f45f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>Figure 1: Schematic of V94.2\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span><strong>gas turbine\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>with combustion chamber<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span>In section 1, a row of large-sized\u00a0<\/span><span>arc-<\/span><span>\u00a0shaped ceramics is installed, and in section 3, a row of small-sized grooved ceramics is installed.\u00a0But in part 2, versions 3 and 5, which include the majority of consumable ceramics, are used with large grooves, which are completely the same in both versions.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1460cae elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"1460cae\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eeb6c6f\" data-id=\"eeb6c6f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd97560 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dd97560\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at2-300x234-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2445\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at2-300x234-1.webp 300w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at2-300x234-1-200x156.webp 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-349b9cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"349b9cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37bcde8\" data-id=\"37bcde8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0271481 xts-scheme-inherit xts-textalign-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0271481\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>Figure 2: Gas turbine combustion chamber\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>V94.2<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span>Figure 3 shows the schematic of the bricks of both versions.\u00a0<\/span><span>In order for air to enter the combustion chamber, there is about 4 mm of empty space between the ceramics.\u00a0<\/span><span>Also, in the upper part of the combustion chamber, there are 8 burners that create hot gas<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d3195d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"4d3195d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca459b0\" data-id=\"ca459b0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dedaae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0dedaae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"277\" height=\"248\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at3-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2446\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at3-1.webp 277w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at3-1-200x179.webp 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dfa37b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"dfa37b9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e776537\" data-id=\"e776537\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34653ef xts-scheme-inherit xts-textalign-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34653ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Figure 3: Schematic of combustion chamber ceramics of V94.2\u00a0<\/strong><strong>gas turbines\u00a0<\/strong><strong>(1) two upper rows of version 3 &#8211; (2) common between versions 3 and 5 &#8211; (3) middle row of version 5 &#8211; (4) upper row of version 5<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Raw materials and testing method,<\/strong><br \/>mullite with different granulations from Treibacher company and tubular alumina from Alteo company were used as the source of AL203.\u00a0Table 1 shows the chemical analysis of raw materials used.\u00a0Tubular alumina with different grain size from less than 45 microns to 2.5 mm and mullite with grain size of 0.5-1.7 mm are mixed together with nano silica solution and various additives for shaping<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f2385f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"8f2385f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a64ada3\" data-id=\"a64ada3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbf738d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fbf738d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at4-600x287-1-500x239.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2447\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at4-600x287-1-500x239.webp 500w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at4-600x287-1-200x96.webp 200w, https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at4-600x287-1.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7beccd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"c7beccd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea8b1ec\" data-id=\"ea8b1ec\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9aacb14 xts-scheme-inherit xts-textalign-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9aacb14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>Table 1: Chemical composition of raw materials used<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span>In the freeze casting method, raw materials with different ratios and granulations are mixed with silica gel and various additives in a mixer and poured into the mold after weighing.\u00a0<\/span><span>After the forming operation, it goes to the freezing tunnel at -75 \u00b0C by the vibrating table and the press, and during the 2-hour stop, the mold is disassembled.\u00a0<\/span><span>The part removed from the dried mold goes through the sintering process at a temperature of about 1550 \u00baC for 10 hours in a shuttle furnace to achieve the necessary strength.\u00a0<\/span><span>Various properties such as BD, MOR, HMOR, Young&#8217;s modulus, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, XRF+XRD (simultaneously) and thermal shock resistance were measured at Wuhan University, China, from samples produced by freeze casting and traditional methods.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span>Results and discussion<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span>The X-ray diffraction results of the samples after baking at 1550 \u00baC showed that stoichiometric mullite with a ratio of 3:2 and corundum phase were present in both samples.\u00a0The amount of amorphous or glassy phase in samples A and B was 3.93% and 4.97%, respectively.\u00a0The physical and mechanical properties of the samples are given in Table 2<\/span><\/p><p><span>The bulk density of the samples depends on parameters such as the type and amount of phases and the porosity of the samples.\u00a0<\/span><span>The bulk density of samples A and B are 2.92 and 2.90 grams per cubic centimeter, respectively, and there is no significant difference.\u00a0<\/span><span>The bending strength of two samples at room temperature and high temperature (1200 and 1400 degrees Celsius) shows that both samples have good resistance to applied forces.\u00a0<\/span><span>However, it can be seen that the strength of samples A at temperatures of 1200 C\u00ba and 1400 C\u00ba is 10.9 and 6.8 MPa, respectively, and for sample B it is 8.7 and 5.6 MPa.\u00a0<\/span><span>This means that sample A shows more resistance against applied stresses at high temperatures<\/span><\/p><p><span>The thermal shock resistance of the samples was measured from C\u00ba 1020 into running cold water.\u00a0The results showed that after 30 cycles sample A did not suffer any failure and the average crack length was less than 15 mm, while sample B had an average crack length of less than 50 mm.\u00a0The reason for this is the difference in the production method.\u00a0In the freeze casting method, nano-silica particles are used and these particles create a thin film around the particles that make up the piece, and after heating it turns into the mullite phase [5, 6].\u00a0The resulting mullite phase, as a connecting phase between particles, increases the thermal shock resistance of the part due to its properties such as high ductility, good creep resistance, and high thermal shock resistance [7, 8, 9].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-984e966 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"984e966\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d69a788\" data-id=\"d69a788\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f28bae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1f28bae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"164\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/at5-164x300-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2448\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9636c22 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"9636c22\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c78e2f\" data-id=\"1c78e2f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1340bda xts-scheme-inherit xts-textalign-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1340bda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>Table 2: Measurement results of physical properties produced by freeze casting method\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>(\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>A\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>)\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>and production by traditional method\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>(\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>B\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>)<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><strong><span>\u00a0Conclusion:<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span>The sample produced by freeze casting method has good physical properties such as density, percentage of open porosity, bending strength at room temperature and high temperatures, coefficient of thermal expansion and coefficient of thermal conductivity, and it is similar to samples by traditional method, but it has higher resistance to thermal shock than It is a traditional method.\u00a0Considering the longevity of these ceramic chambers in the combustion chamber of gas turbines, it is considered a very effective parameter<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span>Reference<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span>[1] Gilissen, R., Erauw, JP, Smolders, A., (2000) Gelcasting, a near net shape technique, 21, PP.\u00a0251-257<\/span><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><span>[2] Grote, H., Heilos, A., and Tertilt, M. (2010).\u00a0Heat shield element method and mold for the production thereof, hot-gaslining and combustion chamber US Patent, US2010\/013645 A<\/span><\/p><p><span>[3] Grote, H., Heilos, A., and Tertilt, M. (2007).\u00a0Heat shield block for lining a combustion chamber and gas turbine US Patent, US 2007\/0000252 Al<\/span><\/p><p><span>[4] Grote, H., Heilos, A., and Tertilt, M. (2007).\u00a0Mold for producing a ceramic heat shield element, US Patent 2007\/0007426 A1<\/span><\/p><p><span>[5] Ganesh, I. and Ferreira, JMF (2009).\u00a0Ceramic International, 35, 2007-2015 (2009).<\/span><\/p><p><span>[6] Lee, WE and Souzu, GP.. (2008).\u00a0J. Eur.\u00a0Ceram.\u00a0Soc., 28, PP.\u00a0405-471<\/span><\/p><p><span>[7] Kim, BM, Cho, YK, Yoon, Stevens, SYRHC Park.\u00a0(2009).\u00a0Ceramic international<\/span><\/p><p><span>[8] Schneider, H. and Wohlelon, K. (1981).\u00a0Ceramic International, 7, PP.130-136.<\/span><\/p><p><span>[9] Davis, RF.\u00a0and Pask, JA.\u00a0(1971).<\/span><\/p><p><span>High temperature oxides part IV (editor AM Alper) Academic press, PP.\u00a037-72<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V94.2 gas turbines with rated power of 159MW and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2442,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2440"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2440\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2442"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}