{"id":2504,"date":"2023-02-11T07:28:02","date_gmt":"2023-02-11T07:28:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/?p=2504"},"modified":"2023-02-11T07:32:43","modified_gmt":"2023-02-11T07:32:43","slug":"ring-and-wall-block-of-electric-arc-furnaces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/ring-and-wall-block-of-electric-arc-furnaces\/","title":{"rendered":"Ring and wall block of electric arc furnaces"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2504\" class=\"elementor elementor-2504\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b4c01b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default xts-section-disabled\" data-id=\"1b4c01b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div 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class=\"ast-post-format- single-layout-1\"><div class=\"entry-content clear\"><p>Electric arc furnace or EAF furnace is included in the group of electric furnaces.\u00a0Today, this furnace is the most common type of steel furnace and is widely used in the steel and cast iron production industry.\u00a0Also, this type of furnace is used to melt scraps and refine their parts.\u00a0The temperature required to melt the metal is provided by the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy.\u00a0This energy conversion happens with the help of an electric arc.<\/p><p><strong>What is electric arc?<\/strong><\/p><p>In 1802, the electric arc was discovered by Petrov with two charcoals attached to the two ends of the battery.\u00a0When two charcoal heads are placed at a short distance from each other, a dazzling light is created between them, which creates intense heat.\u00a0An electric arc is actually a column of gases ignited by electrons separated from the cathode.\u00a0For this reason, the arc temperature is very high.<\/p><p><strong>What is an electric arc furnace?<\/strong><\/p><p>Furnaces that are used for melting steels, especially simple carbon steels, are called electric arc furnaces.\u00a0The electric arc furnace is called Electric Arc Furnace in English and is also called EAF furnace for short.<\/p><p>In these furnaces, the arc created between the electrodes and the furnace load converts electrical energy into thermal energy.\u00a0This energy conversion increases the temperature up to 15,000 degrees Celsius, thus providing the necessary temperature for melting.\u00a0In 1878, Sir William Siemens built the electric arc furnace.\u00a0The Siemens design was based on melting using an arc created between two horizontal electrodes.<\/p><p>The EAF furnace, with a design close to what is used in industry today, was first developed in 1890 by Herault.\u00a0Although this furnace was first introduced by Siemens, Herault built the first direct arc furnace.\u00a0In the design of this furnace, three-phase electricity and three electrodes were used.\u00a0By passing through these electrodes, the electric current creates an arc between the electrodes and between the electrodes and charges the\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>furnace<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0, providing the necessary heat to melt the melt.<\/p><p>Electric arc furnace components include body, electrodes, electrode regulators, furnace roof, furnace floor, walls, melt discharge chamber, slag removal valve, reactor and transformer.<\/p><p>How does the electric arc furnace work?<\/p><p>At the beginning of the EAF furnace start-up, you should first have a basin for molten iron.\u00a0After charging this area according to the percentage of composition elements and with the help of scraps and sponge iron, electrodes are installed above and from the roof of the furnace.\u00a0Electrodes may also be placed inside the melt.<\/p><p>The current performs the melting operation by passing through the electrodes and entering the furnace load and creating very high heat.\u00a0The length of the arc depends on the length of the electrode.\u00a0Therefore, to increase the length of the electrode, the length of the arc can be reduced or increased and in this way, the necessary heat can be provided.<\/p><p>In the stages of steel production by EAF furnace, scrap is first placed in the furnace and after reaching the temperature of 1550 degrees Celsius and melting them, it is time to charge sponge iron.\u00a0To be more precise, iron scraps are thrown into the furnace by an electromagnetic magnet.\u00a0Then materials such as iron ore and coke are added to help the slag flow.\u00a0After adding lime and fluorine as furnace slag, the steel production stage begins.<\/p><p><strong>Types of electric arc furnaces in terms of electric current path<\/strong><\/p><p>Melting with electric arc furnace is done in two direct and indirect ways.\u00a0The electric arc is created either between two electrodes or between the electrode and the charge.\u00a0As mentioned above, Siemens offered the indirect arc furnace and Herault the direct arc furnace.<\/p><p><strong>Indirect arc furnace<\/strong><\/p><p>This type of EAF furnace is used for melting non-ferrous metals or melting cast iron.\u00a0The placement of positive and negative electrodes in this type of arc furnace is horizontal.\u00a0In this type of electric arc furnace, the arc is created between the electrodes (double or triple electrodes) and the heat between the two charges will melt this area.\u00a0In the figure below, you can see the schematic of this type of furnace.\u00a0Today, the use of this type of furnace is less in the industry.<\/p><p><strong>Indirect arc furnace<\/strong><\/p><p>In a direct arc furnace, an arc is created between the electrode(s) and the bottom and wall, melting the charge in the area.\u00a0Today, this type of electric arc furnace is widely used in steelmaking.\u00a0In the design of this furnace, the arc temperature can reach up to 4000 degrees Celsius.<\/p><p>This type of furnace is used in single electrode, two electrode and three electrode types.\u00a0Of these, the three-electrode type is the most used for melting steel at high tonnages.\u00a0These electrodes are made of graphite.\u00a0They can be considered the most important part of an electric arc furnace.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/article><nav class=\"navigation post-navigation\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"Posts\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Written leadership<\/span><div class=\"nav-links\">\u00a0<\/div><\/nav>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Electric arc furnace or EAF furnace is included in the group of electric furnaces. Today, this furnace is the most common type of steel furnace and is widely used in the steel and cast iron production industry. Also, this type of furnace is used to melt scraps and refine their parts. The temperature required to melt the metal is provided by the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy. This energy<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2505,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2504"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2504\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2505"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlasceram.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}