There are different ways to generate electricity. Among these methods, we can mention wind, water, fossil and nuclear power generation. The country’s total electricity production is about 65,000 megawatts per day, 50% of which is fossil fuel. In this way, there are a number of burners in the combustion chamber, which generate heat by burning with gas, diesel, or fuel oil, and the gases resulting from combustion cause the rotation of the turbine blades and finally generate electricity.In Iran, there are about 150 V94.2, V93 craft and V94.3 gas turbines, the aforementioned bricks are used in the combustion chamber of these turbines, and the country’s annual consumption is about 35,000 pieces. In the combustion chamber of the turbine, first, hot air is created with the help of the combustion of a fuel, then this gas is directed on the blades of the turbine. The temperature of the chamber is around 1200°C and in places of the combustion chamber, the wall temperature increases to around 1600°C.

In general, the refractory blocks on the wall of the combustion chamber above the turbine head are called the ceramics of the combustion chamber of gas turbines. The refractory lining has several important functions. First, it must provide the necessary space for combustion and trap the combustion product in this space. Secondly, it has the ability to quickly adapt to temperature changes, or in other words, the ability to withstand thermal shock. On the other hand, it should provide chemical resistance in conditions of high temperature and corrosive gases and finally be able to withstand the applied forces, especially its abrasion and erosion effect.

The used fuel will have many destructive effects on the used refractories. The remaining ash from the fuels along with its sulfur causes the formation of compounds with low melting point and high fluidity on the refractory surface as well as inside the pores and as a result causes the destruction of bricks. The chemical and physical reactivity of combustion gases in the combustion chamber due to heat exchange with the hot surface of the brick causes the bricks to become glassy. If diesel fuel is used as a fuel, Fe2O3, V2O5, K2O and Na2O will cause chemical attacks on refractories, so the amounts of these elements in the fuel must be continuously controlled.

Therefore, these ceramics are used in the combustion chamber of gas turbines and have the role of transferring gases from combustion to rotate the turbine, and their quality is highly sensitive. Atlas Ceram koir Company started its work while our country, Iran, was under sanctions and the production of refractory bricks used in power plants of the country was monopolized by two large European companies. This company was able to produce refractory bricks in the gas turbines of the Siemens design of the country’s power plants by obtaining the technical reports of Siemens, internal research and development, as well as the reverse engineering of foreign samples, using nano technology and cooling in the above method.Likewise, by succeeding in international laboratories and after signing contracts with companies such as Damavand and Yazd and Isin power plants, it entered the domestic market.

The production method for this product is unique in Iran and it is produced using nano technology and super cooling method. The technical characteristics of the product include temperature tolerance of 1800 degrees Celsius, porosity of 16%, density of 9.2 to 3, high corrosion resistance and the ability to be used in acidic and alkaline environments, thermal shock resistance of over 40 times with thermal cycling. The desired standards of Siemens bricks, which are poured into cold water at a temperature of 1000 degrees Celsius, mechanical resistance of 12 MPa, dimensional tolerance of 0.2 mm maximum, service life of 33,000 hours of equivalent operation, and high oxidation resistance can be mentioned.

hours of equivalent operation, and high oxidation resistance can be mentioned.Inside this combustion chamber there are power plant bricks that are located exactly above the turbine blades. The temperature of the burner tip sometimes reaches 1500 degrees Celsius. Power plant bricks that are highly exposed to mechanical stresses caused by the movement of turbine blades or thermal shocks caused by cooling and heating the combustion chamber are very sensitive. These bricks have very accurate dimensions. Each face has different chamfers, grooves, slopes and arches, each of which has a different application. If a small piece of these bricks is torn off and hits the turbine blade, it can cause damages of hundreds of billions of tomans as well as irreparable loss of life.

The production method of power plant bricks has high technical knowledge due to its high sensitivity. In addition to bearing high temperatures, these bricks must withstand thermal shock, chemical erosion and wear caused by combustion gases, as well as withstand thermomechanical stresses.

The dimensional accuracy of these bricks is such that its angles are measured using CMM or advanced precision tools.Atlasseram Kavir company succeeded in producing power plant bricks and after receiving approval from international laboratories and with the help of Tavanir company and Niro Research Institute and after installing in several power plants and receiving letters of satisfaction, it was included in Tavanir’s vendor list and currently these bricks are sold all over the world. country to supply